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Neoclassicism in Europe
Élisabeth Louise Vigée-Lebrun, Marie-Annuciade-Caroline Bonaparte, Queen of Naples, with her daughter Laetitia-Joséphine Murat,
1807, oil on canvas, 7’1.5” x 4’8” inches, Versailles Palace National Museum. Photo: © RMN-Grand Palais (Château de Versailles) / image RMN-GP
Antonio Canova, Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker,
1806, marble, 11’2” high, Apsley Centre, London. Photo: Jörg Bittner Unna, CC BY-SA 3.0

The passion for Antiquity gave birth to an artistic movement known as Neoclassicism. This term means “New Classicism”, because at the time it was thought that the best form of classical art was Antiquity.

 

That is why painters were in favour of putting antique columns in their paintings, as Elisabeth Vigée Le Brun has done here.

 

That is also why Canova, the Italian sculptor, created sculptures that seemed to come straight out of Antiquity.

It’s also visible in the architecture of the buildings erected during this period, which often looked like Greek temples!

Louis-Pierre Baltard, The “24-column” Courtbuilding, Lyon,
built 1835-1847. Photo: Benoît Prieur, CC-BY-SA 4.0
Jacques-Germain Soufflot and Jean-Baptiste Rondelet, Pantheon, Paris,
built 1757-1790. Photo: Camille Gévaudan, 3.0
William Thorntone, The Capitol, Washington,
built 1793-1812 Photo: Wally Gobetz, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Karl Friedrich Schinkel, Altes Museum, Berlin,
built 1823-1828
In a nutshell

Neoclassical art was born in the 18th century and drew a great deal of inspiration from classical Greek art, which was considered perfect.

See also